Resource Utilization of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD): A Review

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a typical type of pollution originating from complex oxidation interactions that occur under ambient conditions in abandoned and active mines. AMD has high acidity contains concentration heavy metals metalloids, posing serious threat to ecological systems human health. Over the years, great progress been made prevention treatment AMD. Remediation approaches like chemical neutralization precipitation, ion exchange, membrane separation processes, bioremediation have extensively reported. Nevertheless, some limitations, such as low efficacy, excessive consumption reagents, secondary contamination restrict application these technologies. The aim this review was provide updated information on sustainable treatments engaged published literature resource utilization recovery reuse valuable resources (e.g., clean water, sulfuric acid, metal ions) can offset cost remediation. Iron oxide particles recovered be applied adsorbents for removal pollutants wastewater fabrication effective catalysts heterogeneous Fenton reactions. beneficiation fields, activating pyrite chalcopyrite flotation, regulating pulp pH, leaching copper-bearing waste rock, provides easy access innovative A will help researchers understand research, identify strengths weaknesses each technology, which shape direction future research area.